When Teachers become Researchers: The Importance of Action Research

Though the decisions are imposed by the policy makers in a teaching context like Bangladesh it is the teachers who deal with the actual classroom scenario In spite of that the voice of the teachers is little heard Action research can be an effective way to make their voices heard The purpose of the present paper is to show the importance of action research in secondary school level and at the same time finding out how familiar our teachers are with it Stating the problems relating the significance and stating the objectives in the introduction the study delves into a detailed review of the literature Following the literature review is the actual study conducted Through a qualitative gradually turning into quantitative methodology the study reveals its findings The study ends with some relative recommendations along with a concluding remar

CLT at the Higher Secondary Level in Bangladesh: Theory and Practice

With the progress of time, the aim of teaching and learning English as a Second Language (ESL) or English as a Foreign Language (EFL) changed and so did the approaches and methods in language teaching. Different methods and approaches emerged and replaced, influenced or contributed to the emergence of new methods. It is widely acknowledged that one umbrella approach to language teaching that has become the accepted "norm" in this field is Communicative Language Teaching Approach.  This study deals with the theories and practices of CLT in the Higher Secondary level in Bangladesh. Realizing the significance of CLT, Ministry of Education in Bangladesh has made groundbreaking attempts to implement CLT in the new context and has also brought some changes in the curriculum in 1990s.  Along with attempting to provide a real picture of how CLT is practiced and utilized in an ESL/EFL context, this study focuses on the definite CLT approach in Bangladesh. Moreover, this study intends to propose some propositions to be implemented in future for better practice of CLT in ESL/EFL contexts. Key Words: Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Higher Secondary level, Bangladesh

The Role of Firm-Specific Variables in Explaining Heterogeneous Stock Market Reactions to Dividend Announcements

The finance literature reports mixed results about the stock market reaction to dividend announcements. We try to explore that the heterogeneous stock market reaction to dividend announcements might be attributed to a number of firm-specific financial and non-financial factors. In this vein, we investigate the role of family ownership, firm size, leverage, dividend yield, market-to-book ratio, and firm growth in explaining the stock market reaction to dividend announcements. We use a sample of 206 dividend announcements of 136 firms listed at the Karachi Stock Exchange over the period of 2008 to 2012. Results of both the univariate and multiple regression analysis show that family ownership, firm size, and leverage negatively influence the stock market reaction to dividend announcements while dividend yield positively influences the stock market reaction to dividend announcements.

FACTORS INFLUENCING DESTINATION IMAGE THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE PRE-PURCHASE PERIOD OF TOURISM IN PAKISTAN

Due to the technological advancements, people start depending on social media for various matters. As social media provides a tool for developing an image of the destination, it became an essential component in the process of decision-making regarding traveling. This study aims to investigate the influence of user-generated content (UGC), Information Quality (IQ) and Tourist’s Motivation (TM) on destination image through social media in the pre-trip period of tourism in Pakistan. The empirical analysis was conducted by using the survey method through online Google forms. Data was collected from social media (Facebook) users who were the members of the Facebook tourism groups in Pakistan. The findings of the study revealed that UGC does not significantly affect the destination image in the pre-purchase period. Whereas, information quality and tourist’s motivation significantly affect the destination image of Pakistani tourists. The research concludes that tourist’s motivation before experiencing tourism and the information they have exposed to plays a significant role in developing a destination image in the tourism market. Furthermore, this research contributes to the tourism sector of Pakistan by providing information regarding factors developing destination image. This information may help in developing a positive image of the destinations in Pakistan. Also, this study contributes by providing the tourism sector an understanding of the tourist’s behaviors in the pre-purchase period of traveling in Pakistan

FACTORS INFLUENCING DESTINATION IMAGE THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA IN THE PRE-PURCHASE PERIOD OF TOURISM IN PAKISTAN

Due to the technological advancements, people start depending on social media for various matters. As social media provides a tool for developing an image of the destination, it became an essential component in the process of decision-making regarding traveling. This study aims to investigate the influence of user-generated content (UGC), Information Quality (IQ) and Tourist’s Motivation (TM) on destination image through social media in the pre-trip period of tourism in Pakistan. The empirical analysis was conducted by using the survey method through online Google forms. Data was collected from social media (Facebook) users who were the members of the Facebook tourism groups in Pakistan. The findings of the study revealed that UGC does not significantly affect the destination image in the pre-purchase period. Whereas, information quality and tourist’s motivation significantly affect the destination image of Pakistani tourists. The research concludes that tourist’s motivation before experiencing tourism and the information they have exposed to plays a significant role in developing a destination image in the tourism market. Furthermore, this research contributes to the tourism sector of Pakistan by providing information regarding factors developing destination image. This information may help in developing a positive image of the destinations in Pakistan. Also, this study contributes by providing the tourism sector an understanding of the tourist’s behaviors in the pre-purchase period of traveling in Pakistan

Mapping Tools for Open Source Intelligence with Cyber Kill Chain for Adversarial Aware Security

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INVESTIGATING THE DETERMINANTS OF FACULTY JOB SATISFACTION UNDER THE MODERATING ROLE OF LIFE SATISFACTION: A STUDY OF PRIVATE SECTOR UNIVERSITIES OF PAKISTAN

 Current study investigates the determinants of faculty job satisfaction in private sector universities of Pakistan. Furthermore, this study inquires the moderating role of life satisfaction on faculty job satisfaction. Approximately 500 questionnaires were distributed among the faculty members of W category private sector universities, out of 500 questionnaires, 430 were received and 396 were found to be completely filled as per criteria. After applying the statistical tools of SPSS 23, it was confirmed that motivational and hygienic factors have significant and positive relationship with faculty job satisfaction. Moreover, the results proved that impact of life satisfaction did not moderate the relationship of faculty job satisfaction with motivational factors as well as hygienic factors. The results of the study can be generalized to other universities as well as other sectors of the Pakistan. The framework of the study can be applied to compare the faculty job satisfaction level of public and private sector universities

Serious Games in Science Education. A Systematic Literature Review

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